Welcome to Enchanting Journeys

Italy is an incredibly varied & exciting vacation destination and an extraordinary feast of heart-thumping, soul-stirring Art, glorious Food, picturesque Landscapes rivalled by few & coveted by millions. Italy's 20 Regions feel more like 20 independent States, each with its own History, Dialects, Traditions, Architecture & Food. From nibbling on Knodel in an Alto Adige Chalet to exploring Souk-like Market Streets in Sicily, the choices are as diverse as they are seductive. A heady mix of haunting Sights, awe-inspiring Art & vibrant Street life. are just the beginning.

From nibbling on Knodel in an Alto Adige Chalet to exploring Souk-like Market Streets in Sicily, the choices are as diverse as they are seductive. Here, you will experience the true meaning of beauty & relaxation. Come…experience Italy with us…

Arrive in the ‘eternal’ city of Rome, hot-blooded Capital of Italy - one of the world’s most romantic & inspiring Cities.

After you exit in the Arrival Hall at Terminal? - Rome Leonardo da Vinci - Fiumicino Airport, subsequent to Immigration & Customs, you will be welcomed by The Journeys Representative (holding a Placard with your Name), who will ensure your comfort & transfer you to the Hotel, help you settle in & provide you with some useful tips for exploring the area as well as discuss the Program for the next day.

* If, for any reason you are unable to make contact with our Representative within 30 minutes of waiting, please call the local Emergency telephone # listed on your Contact List. Please follow the advice given by our 24 / 7 Duty Officer.  Please do not exit the Airport & make your own way to the Hotel unless advised.

Reach the Hotel & Check-in.

*Check-in time is 02.00 pm. For earlier arrivals in the morning, we will request the Hotel for a complimentary early Check-in but cannot be guaranteed unless reserved & paid for ‘immediate occupancy’.

Balance of the day is at leisure for independent exploration or for Optional activities we would be happy to offer suggestions & make arrangements).

“She never hides her years, but still wears them well: after all, Rome is the Eternal City” .

Monumental History| Artistic Treasures| Roman Feasting| Living Life.

With its unparalleled history, Rome is the 3^rd most visited City in Europe behind London & Paris, making it a high contender for one of the most romantic Cities worldwide, attracting Visitors from all over, who come to explore the City’s impressive Monuments & Archaeological sites; not to mention its renowned Cuisine & lively atmosphere.

How was Rome, the City of 7 Hills, founded? How did it become an Empire? What was the role of the Catholic Church throughout Rome’s history? The exact origins of the City, are still somewhat of a mystery. There are ‘several’ theories, based on the writings of ancient Authors & Excavations. One myth is, Romulus & Remus - twin brothers, fathered by Mars, the God of War, who were nursed by a she-wolf, reportedly founded the City.  Thus, the city was called after the elder brother. Romulus formed the Roman Senate with 100 men & prepared a body of Laws for the Inhabitants of Rome. And although Historians are obviously skeptical about this epic myth, most Travelers are absolutely certain that there is something magical about Rome.

Consequently, the information about the origin of the City, is based mainly on legends & myth, instead of solid facts. Even the existence of the Roman Empire was questioned for practically 2 centuries by renowned Historians. During the 19^th & 20^th centuries, they dismissed the idea of the early Kings of Rome (Romulus, Numa Pompilius, Tullus Hostilius) as well as the date of the founding of what would later become the Capital of Italy, in 753 BC. This part of history was merely considered a legend & not taken seriously. It was only during the late 20^th century when, thanks to the findings of numerous archaeological digs & advancement in Sciences, that the myths surrounding the establishment of the City and its first Rulers, were reconsidered. It is believed that the very first inhabitants of Rome came from various parts of the Region & had neither the Economic nor the Cultural wherewithal of their northern neighbours, the Etruscans, nor the southern Civilization called the Sabines & Latins.

In Palatine Hill, Archaeologists found the remains of a primitive Settlement from the 8^th century BC, with Burial Ground on the outskirts of the Village. It is thought that as the population grew, the Inhabitants settled on the slopes of the nearby Hills & during the next century, they established themselves in the Valley. Ancient Romans called it the “Eternal City” because they believed that no matter what happened in the rest of the World, the City of Rome would always remain standing.

Rome is ‘now’ known for a history that dates back to the eras of Octavian, Julius Caesar & Hadrian, among others. Left behind are structures like the Pantheon, the Roman Forum & dozens of Churches, among other historic gems. Art enthusiasts will relish the trove of Art housed at the Vatican Museums & Foodies will enjoy the splendid Italian fare, not to mention the Gelato. Rome is magnificent & overwhelming at the same time, a showcase of Western Civilization, with astonishingly ancient sights & a modern vibrancy.

Walking through the Streets of this ancient City, surrounded by glorious Monuments & colossal Archaeological remains, is a stroll through History with a capital H, taking you back in time, to the glory that was Rome. One of the most popular tourist destinations in the world, it offers & almost demands endless new discoveries, thanks to the enormity of its artistic heritage. As a matter of fact, it hosts 2 Capitals in one City: of Repubblica Italiana & Vatican City, Home of the Pope & a place of universal Pilgrimage for Catholics.

A heady mix of haunting sights, awe-inspiring Art & vibrant Street life, Rome is one of the world's most beautiful & inspiring Capitals. Few Cities can rival Rome's astonishing artistic heritage. Throughout history, the City has starred in the great upheavals of Western Art, drawing the top Artists of the day & inspiring them to push the boundaries of creative achievement. The result is a City awash with priceless Treasures. Ancient Statues adorn world-class Museums; Byzantine Mosaics & Renaissance Frescoes dazzle in the art-rich Churches; baroque facades flank medieval Piazzas.

The result of 3000 years of ad hoc urban development, Rome's Cityscape is an exhilarating spectacle. Ancient Icons such as the Colosseum, Roman Forum & Pantheon recall Rome's time as the fearsome hub of the Roman Empire, the caput mundi (Capital of the World), while Catacombs & clandestine Churches hark back to its historical role as Seat of the Catholic Church. Lording it over the Vatican, St Peter's Basilica is the greatest of the City's monumental Basilicas, a towering masterpiece of Renaissance architecture. Elsewhere, ornate Piazzas & elaborate Churches add a baroque flourish to the City's historic Streets.

A trip to Rome is as much about lapping up the dolce vita Lifestyle as gorging on Art & Culture. It is about relaxing into the City's Mediterranean rhythms & idling around the picturesque Streets. Whiling away hours at Street Cafes & people-watching on pretty Piazzas are an integral part of the Roman experience. The tempo rises as the heat of the day fades into the evening cool & the fashionably dressed aperitivo (aperitif) crowd descends on the City's Bars & Cafes. Restaurants & Trattorias hum with activity & cheerful hordes mill around popular haunts before heading off to Cocktail Bars & late-night Clubs.

Walk around the Centre & without even trying, you will come across Masterpieces by the giants of the artistic pantheon - Sculptures by Michelangelo, Canvases by Caravaggio, Raphael Frescoes & Fountains by Bernini.

Rome at night is unparalleled by any City in the world. Experience the Eternal City at its best & it will be truly memorable. Why not begin your discovery of Rome by taking a stroll along some of the charming Avenues & Boulevards, Shop in charming Boutiques or simply people-watch from a sidewalk Cafe?

Morning, proceed (on your own) to Vatican Museums entrance in Piazza di Spagna to meet the Tour-guide - at 08.30 am - & embark on a - 4 hour - tour of the Museums & Sistine Chapel.

Arrive at the Vatican Meeting Point before the assigned “time” printed on your Ticket as ‘timed’ Entry for pre-reserved Tickets, is strictly enforced. No refund if anyone arrives late as the Lines of Aficionados waiting to enter are really long. (Tour-guide & other Participants, if any, will not wait for you)

Vatican, headquarters of the Roman Catholic Church & Home of the Pope, is a City-state surrounded by & historically a part of Rome. The World’s smallest “sovereign” State, sits over the river from Rome's historic Centre. It became independent from Italy in 1929 with the Lateran Treaty & is a distinct territory under "full ownership, exclusive dominion, sovereign authority & jurisdiction" of the Holy See, which is itself a sovereign Entity under international law, maintaining the City-state's Temporal Power, Governance, Diplomatic & Spiritual Independence. 

Governed by the Holy See, dating back to early Christianity is the principal episcopal See of the Catholic Church, which has approximately 1.329 billion baptised Catholics in the world. The ecclesiastical Vatican City-State is ruled by the Pope, who is the Bishop of Rome & head of the Catholic Church. After the Avignon Papacy (1309 - 1377) the Popes have mainly resided at the Apostolic Palace within what is now Vatican City, although at times, residing instead in the Quirinal Palace in Rome or elsewhere.

In 1870, the Pope's holdings were left in an uncertain situation when Rome itself was annexed by Italian Forces, thus bringing to completion the Italian Unification, after a nominal resistance by the Papal Forces. Between 1861 & 1929, the status of the Pope was referred to as the "Roman Question". Italy made no attempt to interfere with the Holy See within the Vatican walls but they did confiscate Church property in many places. In 1871, the Quirinal Palace was confiscated by the King of Italy & became the Royal Palace.

Thereafter, the successive Popes resided undisturbed within the Vatican walls but they did not recognise the King's right to rule in Rome & refused to leave the Vatican Compound until the dispute was resolved in 1929. Certain Papal prerogatives were recognised by the Law of Guarantees, including the right to send & receive Ambassadors. Pope Pius IX (1846-1878), the last Ruler of the Papal States, was referred to as a "prisoner in the Vatican". Forced to give up secular power, the Popes from then on, focused on spiritual issues.

Vatican Gardens, decorated with Fountains & Sculptures, account for about half of the territory of Vatican City, covering approximately 23 hectares. The Gardens date back to medieval times when Orchards & Vineyards extended to the north of the Papal Apostolic Palace. In 1279, Pope Nicholas III (Giovanni Gaetano Orsini, 1277-1280) moved his residence back to the Vatican from the Lateran Palace & planted an Orchard, a Lawn & a Garden, building a Wall around the Complex.

Radiating out from the domed grandeur of St Peter’s Basilica, Vatican City contains religious & cultural sites such as the Sistine Chapel, the Vatican Apostolic Library & the vast Vatican Museums, boasting some of Italy’s most revered iconic Artworks featuring some of the world's most famous Paintings & Sculptures.

The unique economy of Vatican City is supported financially by Donations from Catholic believers, by the sale of Postage Stamps, Souvenirs & Publications & Admission Fees from the Museums, Vatican City has no Taxes, & all Items are Duty-free.

Commence your ‘guided’ tour (priority access, bypassing the long Lines), to exploring one of the world's most impressive & extensive Collections belonging to the Catholic Church, with more than 70,000 artifacts in a 42,000meter area. A timeless treasure, where History & Art converge in one of the world’s most iconic cultural landmarks.

The Museums were originally founded in the 16^th century by Pope Julius II to display the Vatican’s Collection of classical Sculptures. The first pieces were laid out in 1506 in the Cortile Ottagono (Octagonal Courtyard), where many remain to this day. Julius also commissioned 2 of the top Artists of that age to work on the Vatican Palace – Raphael to decorate his private Apartments & Michelangelo to paint the Sistine Chapel.

Over the centuries, the successive Popes continued to add to the Collections & open new Museums. Major developments included the establishment of the Museo Pio-Clementino in the late 18^th century & the opening of the Etruscan & Egyptian Museums by Pope Gregory XVI in the 1830s. More recently, Pope John Paul II oversaw a lengthy restoration of the Sistine Chapel & a Museum-wide spruce-up for the year 2000 Jubilee.

Musei Vaticani (Vatican Museums) are one of the world’s largest, busiest & most spectacular Museum Complexes, encompassing of 26 Museums with 7 km of Halls & Galleries, housing the Art & Antiquities amassed by successive Popes over the centuries, including ancient Roman Sculptures such as the famed “Laocoon & his Sons”. A 1 way system funnels you through the Sala Sobieski & on to Stanze di Raffaello (Raphael Rooms), a series of 4 Rooms frescoed by the Renaissance Maestro.

This expertly curated 4 hour tour takes you on a journey through the Vatican’s most iconic spaces. Every step reveals the stories, context & brilliance behind these works of Art.

Work your way through Sala Croce Greca (Greek Cross Room), from where the Simonetti staircase leads up to the Galleria dei Candelabri (Gallery of the Candelabra). Push on through this to the Galleria degli Arazzi (Tapestry Gallery) & the intricate Galleria delle Carte Geografiche (Map Gallery), a stunning 120 metre long Hall lined with remarkable 16^th century Maps.

Anywhere else these magnificent Chambers would be the star attraction but here they are just the warm-up act for the grand finale - the Sistine Chapel. The jewel in the Vatican crown, the Cappella Sistina houses 2 of the world’s most famous works of Art - Michelangelo’s ceiling Frescoes (1508-12) & his Giudizio Universale (Last Judgment; 1536-41).

The 800 sq-meter ceiling design - best viewed from the far east wall - centers on 9 Panels depicting stories from the Book of Genesis. The most famous image, the Creation of Adam, shows a bearded God reaching out to touch fingers with Adam & so bring him to life. On the west wall, the mesmeric Giudizio Universale (Last Judgment) shows Christ passing sentence over the Souls of the Dead as they are torn from their Graves to face him. The “saved” get to stay up in Heaven while the “damned” are sent down to face the Demons in Hell.

Before exiting the Chapel, take time to check out the Frescoes on the side walls. Painted by a crack team of Renaissance Artists, these include Botticelli's Temptations of Christ & Perugino's great masterpiece, the Handing over of the Keys.

As the Tour-guide providing expert & unfiltered truth into the life of legendary Artists & the legacy of the Patrons who shaped the Vatican's history, leads you to St. Peter’s Basilica, revealing its masterpieces - the Pieta by Michelangelo & the internal decorations by Bernini,

The Tour ends in St. Peter’s Square.

Return to the Hotel (on your own).

Balance of the day is at leisure for independent exploration or Optional activities (we would be happy to offer suggestions or make arrangements).

Let the Eternal City enchant you as you stroll through its picturesque cobblestone Alleyways & discover some of the world’s most famous sites, all in a single afternoon!

We especially recommend a 4 hour ‘guided’ tour of the Colosseum, Rome's most famous ancient site, Roman Forum & Palatine Hill.

Head into the Colosseum to walk in the footsteps of Gladiators, Emperors & Plebeians as tales of the brutal Games ring in your ears. The Tour-guide will describe the spectacular Combats, Sea Battles, wild Animal Hunts, & other Events which could last up to 100 days! You will get a glimpse into the Roman Empire's displays of power & entertainment. It's imposing construction with almost 2,000 years of history, will bring you back in time to discover the way of life in the Roman Empire.

Romans were famous for their love of entertainment - the bloodier the better, in their opinion. The Colosseum is a monumental Amphitheater in the heart of Rome, was constructed between 72 AD & 80 AD under the Roman Emperor Vespasian & is considered one of the greatest testament of ancient Roman Engineering. It was initially called Amphitheatrum Flavium, after the Flavian dynasty of Emperors including Vespasian, Titus & Domitian.

Under the Empire’s motto of "Bread & Circuses" the Colosseum allowed more than 50,000 people to enjoy its finest Spectacles.

The Colosseum was primarily used for the Exhibitions of exotic Animals, executions of Prisoners, recreations of Battles & public Gladiator fights & kept the poor Roman masses people entertained for nearly 400 years. The last recorded Games in history were celebrated in the 6^th century. From then onwards, the Colosseum has suffered Lootings, Earthquakes & even Bombings during World War II.  It is the largest elliptical Amphitheatre ever built in the world & despite its age, about one third of the Complex still remains, today.

The original labyrinth of vaulted Rooms beneath the Arena was built over a number of years after the inauguration of the Amphitheatre by Emperor Domitian. Elevators on Pulley systems were used to lift huge, hinged Platforms that allowed the Gladiators & Animals to walk out on the wooden floor of the Arena, covered in sand to prevent the Combatants from slipping & to soak up spilled blood.

Some ancient sources reveal that “prior” to the construction of the Hypogeum (Underground level) using blocks of tufa & brick, the Central area used to be flooded to stage massive epic Naumachiae (naval battles) using mockup of Ships.

The Hypogeum was divided into 15 Corridors set to the side of a Central Gallery along the longest axis of the building (east-west) & the Stage Props, Machinery, Armouries & Cages for the Animals were all stored here. It was riddled with secret Passageways & Trap Doors. Today, the network of Tunnels is exposed to the air, but originally lay hidden beneath the Arena floor. This lower level was also used for the various complex operations of the Amphitheatre & Hydraulic infrastructure & Hoists operated by Capstans (winch) served to lift up the Men & Equipment to appear at the centre of the Arena above. The Animals were confined in Cages which were raised 30 feet by Elevators to the Tunnels on 4 sides of the Arena level & were trained to launch at their enemy as soon as the Trap Doors opened.

The Central Gallery continued beneath the eastern Entrance towards the Ludus Magnus, the most important Gladiator School, the remains of which can still be seen just outside the Colosseum between Via Labicana & Via di San Giovanni in Laterano. By following this ‘secret’ passage, the Gladiators could reach the Arena directly without being seen. The Emperor also used a sub-terranean Corridor called Passaggio di Commodo (Passage of Commodus), the “Passage of Commodus”, enabling him to arrive without having to pass through the crowds in the Square at front of the Amphitheatre.

Running the mammoth Colosseum, required a large Workforce. Some Workers could be seen by the Spectators as they swept & cleaned, guarded the Entrances & lugged heavy ‘crowd control’ Safety Fences into place. But most worked underground. While the Gladiators fought & the Lions roared overhead in the Arena above, dozens of Workmen & Slaves toiled in the maze of Corridors, Elevators, Stairs, Store Rooms that lay hidden beneath the Colosseum, far from public view.

The Seating Area featured the most remarkable technological marvel of that time - a retractable Roofing made from the Canvas was utilized to offer shelter from the scorching Sun to the Spectators. While the audience focused on the bloody events in the Arena, the dark, lit only by smoky oil Lanterns, Hypogeum below, reeking from years of accumulated Human & Animal smells, was a scene of furious activity as Workers performed their backbreaking jobs in humid Summer & chilly, damp Winter. It was also. deafeningly loud, with an overwhelming din of creaking Machinery, people shouting, animals growling & loud ‘Command’ signals made by Horns or Drums to coordinate the complex series of Tasks being carried out.  

Then, when it was all over, there was an eerie calm - but the work continued. After the Spectators left the Colosseum, a powerful atmosphere of death & decay lingers in the underground Passageways. Blood drenched Carcasses of Animals lie everywhere, along with the Corpses of executed Criminals, horribly mutilated by the Lions & Tigers. But since there may well be another show within a few days, perhaps even the very next day, everything has to look clean again & a dispiriting Task now begins: clearing out all the Corpses & Carcasses. 

It might be hard to believe, but throughout the medieval era, the Colosseum wasn't a particularly important building. Its ‘arches’ were rented out for use as Workshops & Warehouses & it even housed a small Chapel. And its stone was quarried for use in other buildings around the City. During the 16^th & 17^th century, Church officials sought to make a profit from the Colosseum & Pope Sixtus V planned to turn the building into a Wool making Factory to provide employment for Rome's Prostitutes, but fortunately, this idea was never followed through.

When the popularity of Bloodsport & large Gatherings dwindled, the Colosseum went into a period of disuse. Secluded from the busy Streets, the Ruins became a jungle & a unique habitat for a staggering variety of 242 species of Plants, initially catalogued by the Physician Domenico Panaroli in 1643.

While it is impossible to know the exact number of people perished within its walls., Scholars estimate it to be around 400,000, including Gladiators, Slaves, Convicts, over its 400 year lifespan. In addition to Human deaths, it is estimated that over a million Animals were killed here.

The Tour ends & accompanied by the Tour-guide, you walk over next door to the Roman Forum, an impressive - if rather confusing - spread of Ruins, the area was ancient Rome's showpiece Center, lined with Shops & open-air Markets, a grandiose District of Temples, Basilicas & vibrant scene of Public Meetings, Law Courts & even smaller Gladiator Games in republican times.

The Tour-guide will lead you through the Ruins, explaining the history & the importance of the Forum. Note the gorgeous “white Marble the Romans used extensively throughout the Complex. There is something truly magical about walking in the footsteps of Julius Caesar & other legendary figures. Along with the Colosseum, the Forum is greatest sign of the splendor of the Roman Empire that can be seen today.

Interestingly, the site, originally a marshy Burial Ground, & in 6^th century BC, the area was drained by means of Cloaca Maxima, probably one of the first Sewer Systems in the world. The Development progressed over time, to become the Political, Religious & Commercial Hub of the Roman Empire. On any given day, it hummed with activity as Shoppers thronged its teeming Streets, Senators debated Affairs of State & Lawyers hustled in its busy Law Courts.

Like many of ancient Rome's urban developments, after the fall of the Empire, the Forum fell into disrepair & was used as pasture land. Gradually, it was forgotten & in time, was buried under the earth. Although the existence & location of the Forum became known to Scholars in the 16^th century, it was not until the 20^th century that Excavations were carried out.

In the Middle Ages, it was known as the Campo Vaccino (Cow Field) & extensively plundered for its stone & marble. The area was systematically excavated in the 18^th & 19^th centuries & Archeologists continue working to this day.

Entering at the Arco di Tito, Visitors see the Triumphal Arch right in front. Supposedly the inspiration for Paris’ Arc de Triomphe, this martial landmark was built by Emperor Domitian in 81 BCE to celebrate his brother Titus' victories over the Jewish Rebellion in Judea & the 70CE sack of Jerusalem. In the past, Roman Jews would avoid passing under the Arch, which is considered the historical symbol of the beginning of the Jewish Diaspora in Italy. Off to the right of the Arch, the light-filled Museo del Foro showcases finds from Excavations in the early 20^th century. It also gives access to a part of the Tempio di Venere di Roma, the largest Temple the Romans ever built.

The 23 metre high Arch of Septimius Severus at the northwestern end of the Forum, is a white marble Triumphal Arch built in 203 AD, to commemorate the Victories of Emperor Caesar Lucius Septimius Severus & his 2 Sons, Caracalla & Geta in the 2 Campaigns against the Parthians of 194-195 & 197-199.

See the Basilica of Maxentius (or Massenzio or Basilica Nova or Basilica of Constantine), the largest building on the Forum, with its vast arched Vaults & hulking brick construction, started by Emperor Maxentius in 308, who was later defeated by Constantine the Great, in the Battle of the Milvian Bridge. Constantine then, oversaw the building's completion through 315CE & relished the satisfaction of completing Maxentius' Project.

The colossal Basilica, originally measuring 100 metre by 65 metre, roughly 3 times what it now covers, was a was a multi-functional building used as a Courthouse, Council Chamber & Community Hall. It was also the last, built in the monumental Center of Rome. A colossal Statue of Constantine, pieces of which are on display at the Capitoline Museums, was unearthed here in 1487.

From the Basilica, walking on Via Sacra, the main thoroughfare, leads into the heart of the Forum where some key Temples can be seen.

At the foot of the Capitoline Hill on the western end of the Forum, you will see 8 granite Columns, all that remain of the ancient Tempio di Saturno (dedicated to God Saturn), one of the landmark sights. The important Temple was inaugurated in 497 BC & subsequently rebuilt in the 1^st century BC, & also doubled as the State Treasury.

You will see the circular Tempio di Romolo & beyond that, the columned Tempio di Antonino e Faustina, a 2^nd century CE Temple that was subsequently converted into a Church. Opposite, the Tempio di Giulio Cesare (also known as the Tempio del Divo Giulio) stands on the spot where Julius Caesar was cremated after his assassination in 44 BCE.

Nearby, 3 white Columns are all that remain of the 5^th century BCE Tempio di Castore e Polluce. Right next are the remnants of Tempio di Vesta, a revered Temple whose sacred flame was kept alight by Vestal Virgins from the adjacent Casa delle Vestali (the building with the central grassy atrium).

Tucked away on the far side of the Forum is the 6^th century Chiesa di Santa Maria Antiqua, the oldest & most important Church on the site. A treasure trove of early Christian Art, it contains some exquisite 6^th - 9^th century Frescoes & a hanging depiction of Virgin Mary with Child, one of the earliest Icons in existence. From inside the Church, you can also access the Rampa di Domiziano, an underground Passageway the Emperors used to enter the Forum from their Palaces on the Palatine Hill.

And now, walk to the final Stop.

Palatino (Palatine Hill) which relative to the famous 7 Hills (Aventine, Celio, Capitol, Esquiline, Palatine, Quirinal, Viminal)    which together form the heart of Rome, "the first nucleus of the Roman Empire", is the most central of the 7. Birthplace of the Rome & is believed to have been inhabited since the year 1000 BC.

In Roman mythology, when King Nimitor was dethroned & imprisoned by his brother & his daughter Rhea Silvia was forced to become a Vestal Virgin so that she would not be able to provide a male heir to the Throne. Nevertheless in prison, she gave birth to twins, Romulus & Remus, whose father was thought to be Mars, the God of War. The King found out & ordered the babies to be killed. However, the servant in charge of the task took pity on them & instead placed the Twins into a Basket & pushed them down the Tiber River & the Basket safely floated to the area of the 7 Hills, where the boys were found by a she-wolf called Lupa who nursed them in her Lair in Palatine Hill. Until eventually, they were found by a Shepherd & his wife, who raised them. As adults, Romulus & Remus evolved into  2 natural Leaders & eventually, restored their Grandfather Nimitor to the Throne as King of Alba Longa. Seeking to establish their own Settlement, Romulus finally built a Wall around Palatine Hill & chose the location for the founding of Rome.

An atmospheric area of towering Pine trees, majestic Ruins & memorable views, the Palatino (Palatine Hill) is the birthplace of Rome.

Archaeological excavations have unearthed evidence of Iron Age Settlements (around the 9^th century BC) on the Hill but much of what you see today dates to Roman times. In fact, much of the site is covered by the ruins of a 1^st century CE royal Residence which served as the main imperial Palace for 300 years.

Palatino is central to the City’s creation in 753 BC. The City flourished and by the 1^st century BC, the Hill had become Rome’s most exclusive neighborhood & its cooler, cleaner air & position above the Roman Forum led many wealthy Patricians to set up ostentatious Homes here & whose traces can be seen today. This where the Roman Emperors decided to build their increasingly opulent Palaces & lived in unabashed luxury.

On Palatino, the remains of many Palaces belonging to Emperors Augustus, Tiberius & Nero can be seen. Visitors can also access underground Tunnels, such as Domitian's secret passage, the Farnese Gardens, a Museum & the area of where the ancient Hut of Romulus & Remus (the City's founders) was believed to be located.

The ruins can be complicated to decipher but look out for the Stadio (Stadium), the Domus Flavia & Domus Augustana (the public & private parts of the Palace) & 16^th century Orti Farnesiani, a Renaissance Garden, one of Europe's earliest, with a monumental balcony providing picturesque views over the Roman Forum.

After the fall of the Roman Empire, the area was pretty much abandoned until rich Renaissance families reclaimed the land, building Villas in the ruins & laying out Gardens & Vineyards

Morning, transfer (on your own) to Roma Termini to board your High-speed Train to Florence.

On arrival at Florence Station Santa Maria Novella, you will be welcomed by a Journeys Rep / Driver (holding a Placard with your Name), waiting at the designated spot, who will ensure your comfort & transfer you to the Hotel.

* If, for any reason you are unable to make contact with our representative within 30 minutes of waiting, please call the local Emergency telephone # listed on your Contact List. Please follow the advice given by our 24 / 7 Duty Officer.  Please do not exit the Airport & make your own way to the hotel unless advised.

Reach the Hotel & Check-in.

*Check-in time is 02.00 pm. For earlier arrivals in the morning, we will request the Hotel for a complimentary early Check-in but cannot be guaranteed unless reserved & paid for ‘immediate occupancy’.

Balance of the day is at leisure for independent exploration or for Optional activities we would be happy to offer suggestions & make arrangements).

Art & Architecture | Boutique Shopping | Food & Wine | La Dolce Vita

Enchanting, romantic & utterly irresistible Florence (or Firenze), Capital of Tuscany Region & the cradle of Renaissance, is a place to feast on world-class art & gourmet Tuscan cuisine. Unsurprisingly, the entire City Centre is designated a UNESCO World Heritage site.

Geographically small but culturally rich, this riverside City looms large on the world's 'must-sees' list. Few cities are so compact in size or so packed with extraordinary architecture masterpieces at every turn.

After Rome fell, Europe wallowed in centuries of relative darkness, with little Learning, Commerce, or Travel. Then, around 1400, there was a Renaissance - a rebirth of the Culture of ancient Greece & Rome. Starting in Florence, it swept across the Continent. Wealthy Merchant & Banking families - like the Medici, who ruled Florence for generations - showed their civic pride by commissioning great Art. With the Renaissance, Artists rediscovered the beauty of Nature & the Human Body, expressing the optimism of this new age.

The ultimate representation of this: Michelangelo's Statue of “David”, the God of Human triumph. Clothed only in confidence, his toes gripping the Pedestal, David sizes up the Giant, as if to say, "I can take this guy". The Statue was an apt symbol, inspiring Florentines to tackle their Goliaths. Until 1873, David stood not in the Accademia, but outside Palazzo Vecchio, the former Medici Palace & now Firenze’s City Hall. Now, a Replica marks the spot where the original once stood. With goony eyes & a pigeon-dropping Wig, this David seems dumbfounded, as Tourists picnic at his feet & Policewomen pass by clip-clopping on horseback.

Next door to the Palace were the Medicis' Offices. Now these Offices host Galleria degli Uffizi holding the finest Collection of Italian Paintings anywhere, sweeping through Art History from the 12^th - 17^th century, with Works by Botticelli, Raphael, Giotto, Titian, Da Vinci & Michelangelo.

The urban fabric of this small City, on the banks of the Arno River in northeastern Tuscany, has hardly changed since the Renaissance & its narrow cobbled Streets are a cinematic feast evoking a thousand tales of elegant 15^th & 16^th century Palazzi (Palaces) large & small, medieval candle-lit masterpiece Chapels, fresco-decorated historic Churches, marble Basilicas & a surprising range of world-class Art Museums brimming with Paintings & Sculptures by Botticcelli, Michelangelo et al, the City is blessed with a wealth of cultural riches.

One of its most iconic sights is the Duomo, Florence's famous Cathedral. Boasting the first great terracotta-tiled Dome built in Europe in more than a thousand years, the Duomo marked the start of the architectural Renaissance (later inspiring Domes from the Vatican to the American Capitol). Designed by Filippo Brunelleschi, the immense Dome - taller than a Football field on end - rose in rings. First, he created part of the big white Ribs, then filled in the Space with interlocking Bricks. When one Ring was complete & self-supporting, he moved the scaffolding up & built another.

Today, the Artistic legacy lives on in Florence's Oltrarno neighborhood, home to small Artisan Shops with handmade Furniture, Jewelry, Leather items & Pottery. Craftsmen bind Books & produce “marbled” Paper. Antique Items are refurbished by people who have become Curators of the dying techniques of Gilding, Engraving, Etching, Enameling, Mosaics & repousse Metal work. Watch 4^th generation Goldsmiths & Shoemakers at work, buy artisan Scents evocative of the Florentine countryside & Tuscan sea breeze. To experience a slice of today's Florence, this is the place to go.

Quality produce sourced locally, seasonally & sustainably is the Holy Trinity & Florentines share an enormous pride in their culinary tradition. Their City, surrounded by wine-rich Hills, is a gourmet paradise where eating & drinking exceedingly well is mandatory. Renaissance in its origins, when it was cooked over large bonfires on the night of San Lorenzo but above all Florentine: famous blue T-bone Steak made with Chianina Beef, has made a pact with the City. It is Florence's most famous dish in the world even though the name has English origins.

While there are plenty of Meat-based dishes like Wild Boar Ragu & Lampredotto (Sandwiches made with tripe), Vegetarians will find tasty options like a traditional Bowl of earthy Ribollita (bean, bread & veg soup), Pappa al Pomodoro, Panzanella & Pici, a tripe Panino at a family-run Food Truck or served in a Trattoria at the Market, unchanged since 1915, dining in Florence is timeless & memorable. Raw Cuisine, Fish Bistros, Craft Cocktails & the dazzling creativity of modern young Tuscan Chefs add contemporary edge & the tag 'Fiorentina' has become an international Label of quality assurance.

The Negroni, a classic Cocktail made with equal parts Gin, sweet Vermouth Campari & served over ice with an orange peel garnish, was invented here in the early 20^th century. It is bitter & strong, making it perfect for sipping on a warm evening in Florence.

Italy's Fashion industry was born & bred here. Homegrown Designers Guccio Gucci & Salvatore Ferragamo opened haute-couture Boutiques in Florence in the 1920s & Shopping in the Tuscan Capital has been stylish ever since. A-lister Fashion Houses lace Via de' Tornabuoni & a Pandora's box of specialist Boutiques selling all manner of beautiful Objects parade alongside family-run Botteghe (Workshops) in a glorious tangle of medieval Backstreets.

Masses that flock here to feast on world-class Art. Stand on a Bridge over the Arno river several times in a day & the Light, Mood & View changes every time.Hang out in Wine-rich Hills around Florence (if you have the time, of course). Return time & again & you still won't see it all.

Later in the afternoon, proceed (on your own) to Piazza Stazione to meet the Tour-guide and start a short - 2 hour - Orientation “Walking” tour of the City Centre.

It is the perfect walkable size & there is so much to see at Street level. Much of the historic Center has been fully or partially pedestrianized, so you can (& should plan to) walk just about everywhere. There are Buses, Trams & Taxis, but because of the one-way Streets & other traffic restrictions, you can usually get to your destination just as fast on foot. You really only need to use a Car or Train to get out of the City.

You will pass by the Basilica of Santa Croce, is one of the more prominent & recognisable Churches in the City. The original structure dates from 1212 when St. Francis of Assisi visited Florence, with his Followers, settled in the City, choosing an inhospitable, marshy terrain, just outside the Walls. This original architectural base was re-discovered after the Flood in 1966. Construction for the present building began around 1294 & it took years to finish.

Rebuilt for the Franciscan Order in 1294 by Arnolfo di Cambio, it is the Burial place for the great & good in Florence. Michelangelo is buried here as are Rossini, Machiavelli, & the Pisan-born Galileo Galilei, who was tried by the Inquisition & was not allowed a Christian burial until 1737, 95 years after his death. There is also a Memorial to Dante, but his Sarcophagus is empty (he is actually buried in Ravenna as he was exiled from Florence).

There is an immense artistic wealth in Santa Croce. Frescoes by Gaddi in the Cappella Maggiore tell the story of "Santa Croce", the Holy Cross, while beautiful Frescoes by Giotto in the Bardi & Peruzzi Chapels show scenes from the life of St. Francis & St. John the Evangelist. An unusual Relief, in gilded limestone - the Annunciation - by Donatello decorates the south nave wall.  Don't miss the Memorial to the 19^th century Playwright Giovanni Battista Niccolini to the left of the Entrance, said to be been the inspiration for the Statue of Liberty. The exterior is covered with a polychrome marble façade added in 1863, paid for by an English benefactor, Sir Francis Sloane. The Basilica faces Piazza Santa Croce, which is the site of a ‘unique’ annual Soccer Game which features Players in medieval Costumes.

A short walk through the historic Streets in the heart of the City, brings you to the famous Piazza della Signoria, the central Public Square, the liveliest area of Florence.

If the Piazza del Duomo is the City's Religious centre, the Piazza della Signoria is the Political & Social heart of the City, located near the Duomo & Arno Rivers & known for its iconic Architecture & Sculptures. The Piazza in its current form dates back to 13^th century. It was paved at the end of 14^th century & has always been treated as the Civic & Political Hub. During the Roman Empire, the Square had Thermal Baths, but these were abandoned at the beginning of the Middle Ages when the Square was gradually taken over by Artisans.

The most renowned building of the Square is the Palazzo Vecchio (Old Fortress Palace), with its Crenellations & 94 meters high Torre d'Arnolfo (Tower) designed by Arnolfo di Cambio between 1298 & 1314 for the Signoria (City Council). Today, it is home to the Mayor's office & the Municipal Council. Above the front Entrance, there are 2 enormous Sculptures. On the left hand-side is a replica of the ‘white marble’ Statue of David by Michelangelo (the original is currently located in the Accademia), on the right hand-side is the white Sculpture called Hercules & Cacus by Baccio Bandinelli.

Inside, Michelangelo's Genio della Vittoria (Spirit of Victory) Sculpture graces the Salone dei Cinquecento, a magnificent painted Hall created for the City's 15^th century ruling Consiglio dei Cinquecento (Council of 500). During their short 60 Day Term in Office the 9 Priori (Consuls) - Guild members picked at random - of the Signoria, lived in the Palace. After 2 months nine ‘new’ Names were pulled out of the hat & they served for the Term, ensuring ample ‘Comings & Goings’.

Continue walking to the UNESCO World Heritage listed Piazza del Duomo, the spiritual heart of Florence & the soul of its historic Center, showcasing some of the City's main Monuments, in a concentration of more than 700 years of History, Art & Architectural grandeur &

Originally, the Square was much smaller than it is today, with a maze of Alleys surrounding the Monuments. From the early Middle Ages, the Square became important as the City's Religious Center due to the presence of a series of historic buildings that, together, represented the so-called "Sacred Axis": the Bishop's Palace, the Baptistery, a Hospital, a Rectory, a Cemetery & the early Christian origin Churches of San Salvatore Al Vescovo, San Michele Visdomini & Santa Reparata.